Q. Which of the follwing is not an indication for resection of colon after endoscopic resection of adenomatious colonic polyp?
a. Lymphovascular invasion
b. Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma
c. Cancer in the upper 1/3rd of the submucosa
d. Cancer with in 2mm of resected margin
Answer
c) Malignant polyp is one in which the cancer has invaded beyond muscularis mucosa. 2-12% of polyps removed endoscopically have cancers. Surgical resection of colon is required if there is lymphovascular invasion, poor differentiation, cancer with in 2mm of resected margin, invasion of lower 1/3rd of submucosa and if the lesion is flat or ulcerated.
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Some examples include dietary supplements, herbal products, and the use of other so-called natural but as yet scientifically unproven therapies.