Clinical vignette
Answer: b) Neurogenic shock due to spinal cord injury
Explanation: The classic triad in neurogenic shock is hypotension, warm dry skin (due to peripheral vasodilatation) and relative bradycardia resulting from loss of sympathetic tone with unopposed vagal activity. The history of acute spinal cord injury (inability to move lower limbs with sensory level) strongly supports spinal shock with sympathetic disruption. Low JVP argues against cardiogenic causes; hypovolemia typically causes tachycardia and cold, clammy skin; septic shock is unlikely immediately post-trauma and usually causes tachycardia. Initial management includes cervical spine immobilization (if relevant), airway protection, judicious IV fluids, and vasopressors (norepinephrine) for persistent hypotension—atropine may be required for severe bradycardia. Consideration for definitive spinal stabilization and early neuro-monitoring is essential.
Key points: loss of sympathetic tone → decreased systemic vascular resistance; bradycardia is characteristic; treat with vasopressors and supportive care.