Pancreas transplant

by

Q) Most common indication for pancreas transplant

a) Type II DM 

b) Type II DM with nephropathy

c) Type I DM

d) Type I DM with nephropathy

d) Type I DM with nephropathy

Pancreas transplantation is typically performed for individuals with Type 1 diabetes who also have end-stage renal disease, often requiring kidney dialysis. This combination of kidney failure and Type 1 diabetes makes pancreas transplantation a viable treatment option.

SPK is the most frequently performed procedure for patients with type 1 diabetes and renal failure due to diabetic nephropathy.

There is a small population of patients with type 1 diabetes with renal failure due to primary renal disease or non-diabetic causes and they are also included in this group.

 

Medullary thyroid cancer – Management

by
Thyroid MCQ
Q) 42 year old Male patient with 1 cm nodule in Right side of Thyroid.

Biopsy shows medullary carcinoma. No neck nodes are seen on USG. What is the management?
a) Total thyroidectomy
b) Total thyroidectomy with central node dissection
c) Total thyroidectomy with lateral and central neck dissection
d) Right hemithyroidectomy
Thyroid MCQs Thyroid Mock test 1 Thyroid Mock test 2 Thyroid 3
Answer

Carcinoma Breast and Pregnancy

by
MCQ on Breast Cancer Management in Pregnancy
Q) A 30-year-old female in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy has a 2 cm breast carcinoma with no axillary lymph nodes. What should be the management?
✅ Answer: D. Lumpectomy + axillary dissection + chemo

🔍 Explanation:
In this case, lumpectomy followed by axillary dissection and chemotherapy is the preferred management.

- Axillary dissection is ideally done after Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) - Radiotherapy can be given after the termination of pregnancy if necessary. - Hormonal therapy can also be started after pregnancy if required. - There is no need to terminate the pregnancy unless absolutely necessary, as modern treatments can be administered with careful planning.

🧠 Key Point: **Axillary dissection** and **chemotherapy** are preferred, with the option for hormonal therapy after pregnancy.

📘 Reference: NEET SS 2022 Paper

Anal malformation

by
MCQ on Newborn with Abdominal Distension
Q) Newborn with abdominal distension on day 2, not passed meconium. There is absent anal orifice. What is the next step? # NEET SS 22
✅ Answer: A. Cross table X ray

🔍 Explanation:
The first step in such cases is to rule out congenital abnormalities of the spine, sacrum, kidneys, and heart.

- The second step is a Cross-table X-ray. If the X-ray shows perineal fistula, perform Anoplasty.
- If the X-ray shows rectal gas below the coccyx, perform a PSARP (Posterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty) with or without a colostomy.
- If the X-ray shows gas above the coccyx with associated defects, perform a colostomy.

🧠 Key Point: Cross-table X-ray is crucial to determine the presence of rectal gas and other associated defects, guiding the next step in management.

📘 Reference: Table 67.14 Sabiston

Hepatic adenoma

by

Q Which of the following statement about hepatic adenoma is CORRECT?

a) It is more common in males

b) Ct shows a central stellate scar

c) Associated with cirrhotic liver

d) Risk of rupture and fatal hemorrhage is present 

Giving a clinical scenario of Hepatic Adenoma 

A 37 year old lady presents with right upper quadrant pain and nausea. She is otherwise well and her only medical therapy is the oral contraceptive pill which she has taken for many years with no ill effects. Her liver function tests and serum alpha feto protein are normal. An ultrasound examination demonstrates a 4cm non encapsulated lesion in the right lobe of the liver which has a mixed echogenicity and heterogeneous texture.