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Free MCQs in Surgery

Hormones released from duodenum

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Hormone MCQ
Q. Which of the following hormones are not released in the duodenum?
a) Gastrin
b) Motilin
c) Somatostatin
d) Pancreatic YY
Correct Answer: d) Pancreatic YY

  • Gastrin – secreted mainly by G-cells in the stomach, and in small amounts from the duodenum.
  • Motilin – secreted by M cells in the duodenum and jejunum.
  • Somatostatin – secreted by D-cells throughout the GI tract, including the duodenum.
  • Pancreatic YY (PYY) – secreted by L-cells in the ileum and colon, not in the duodenum.
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Bevacizumab

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Bevacizumab MCQ
Q) Not true about use of Bevacizumab
a) It is a humanized monoclonal antibody against VEGF A
b) Bevacizumab is a first-line treatment in metastatic nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer.
c) Bevacizumab is a first-line or second-line therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer
d) Its major advantage is that it has replaced combination chemotherapy
Correct Answer: d) Its major advantage is that it has replaced combination chemotherapy
Explanation: a) True – Bevacizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), thereby inhibiting angiogenesis. b) True – Bevacizumab is used as first-line treatment in combination with chemotherapy for metastatic nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). c) True – Bevacizumab is used as first-line and second-line therapy in combination with chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. d) Not true – Bevacizumab is not a replacement for combination chemotherapy. Instead, it is used in combination with standard chemotherapy regimens to improve efficacy. It is not used as a monotherapy in most settings.

Staging Anal Cancer

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Anal Cancer Staging MCQ
Q) In anal carcinoma, involvement of the external iliac lymph nodes indicates which stage of disease according to the AJCC staging system?
a) Stage II
b) Stage IIIA
c) Stage IIIB
d) Stage IV (M1)
Correct Answer: c) Stage IIIB
Explanation: Primary tumor (T) TX: primary tumor cannot be assessed T0: no evidence of primary tumor Tis: carcinoma in situ (Bowen disease, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion [HSIL], anal intraepithelial neoplasia II-III [AIN II-III]) T1: tumor 2 cm or less in greatest dimension T2: tumor >2 cm but <5 cm in greatest dimension T3: tumor >5 cm in greatest dimension T4: tumor of any size invades adjacent organ(s), e.g. vagina, urethra, bladder (Note: direct invasion of the rectal wall, perirectal skin, subcutaneous tissue, or the sphincter muscle(s) is not classified as T4) Regional lymph nodes (N) Nx: regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed N0: no regional lymph node metastasis N1: metastasis in regional lymph nodes N1a: metastases in inguinal, mesorectal, and/or internal iliac lymph nodes N1b: metastases in external iliac lymph nodes N1c: metastases in external iliac and in inguinal, mesorectal, and/or internal iliac lymph nodes Distant metastasis (M) Mx: distant metastasis cannot be assessed M0: no distant metastasis M1: distant metastasis (Note: involvement of para-aortic or more distant lymph nodes is considered M1) AJCC Staging: Stage 0: Tis N0 M0 Stage I: T1 N0 M0 Stage II: T2, T3 N0 M0 Stage IIIA: T1, T2, T3 N1 M0 Stage IIIB: T4 N0/N1 OR T1, T2, T3 with N1b or N1c Stage IV: Any T, any N, M1

Healing by Primary Intention

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Q)What is  false regarding the healing by  primary intention? ( # Gen surgery Wound Healing) 

A)Wound edges opposed.

B)Normal healing.

C)Usually done for dirty wounds

D)Minimal scar.

Answer-C

Primary intention,

Healing by primary intention is also known as healing by the first intention this occurs when there is an opposition of the wound edges

Secondary Intention

Healing occurs when the wound edges are not opposed immediately, which may be necessary for contaminated or untidy wounds.

Primary intention,

  • Would edges opposed
  • Normal healing.
  • Minimal scar.

Secondary intention,

  • Would leave open.
  • Heals by granulation, contraction and epithelialisation.
  • Increased inflammation and proliferation.
  • Poor scar.

Intestinal TB

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Q) False about intestinal TB? # Gen surgery infections
1. Hyperplastic variety has colonic strictures
2. Raised markers,anaemia,positive sputum culture point towards diagnosis
3. BMFT shows pulled up cecum
4. IFN gamma assay is diagnostic 

Ans A) STRICTURES ARE OF SMALL BOWEL

There are two types Of Intestinal TB

Ulcerative type - Transverse ulcers with undermined edges, Serosa of bowel is studded with tubercles. It is a severe form of disease

Hyperplastic - Hyperplasia and thickening of terminal ileum. Narrowing of lumen., Stricture and fibrosis occues of terminal ileum

There are raised inflamatory markers and anemia

Interferon gamma is for subclinical infection

BMFT shows subhepatic caecum

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