Urology

Semen analysis

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Q )  Fructose absence in semen analysis suggests
A. B/L vas deferens obstruction
B. Ejaculatory duct obstruction
C. Testicular failure
D. Prostatic urethral obstruction

Answer

B ) Fructose is a component of semen produced by the seminal vesicles. The absence of fructose in semen is often indicative of an obstruction at or beyond the level of the seminal vesicles, which is commonly associated with ejaculatory duct obstruction. This obstruction prevents the seminal vesicles from secreting fructose into the semen.

Priapism

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Q) What is the cause of priapism in a patient with trauma

a) Penile rupture

b) Dorsal vein of penis thrombosis

c) Spinal cord injury

d) Sickle cell anemia

Answer 

Most common cause of priapism is sickle cell anemia, but in the setting of trauma....

Read on  Q 86

cancer of testis

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Q ) Most Common  cancer of testis in children is 
a. Yolk sac  tumor
b. Leydig cell tumor
c. Seminoma testis
d. Choriocarcinoma

85) a, Yolk sac tumor

yolk sac tumor is the most common testicular tumor in infants and children. Teratoma is the
most common tumor in prepubertal males. Yolk sac tumor is the testicular tumor with best
prognosis.

Choriocarcinoma occurs in second and third decade and is highly malignant. Leydig cell  tumor is the most common non-germ cell tumor of testis with bimodal distribution, first at 5-9 yrs of age and second incidence at 25-35 yrs of age.

(Smith)

Fowler Stephen Surgery

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Q) Fowler Stephen Surgery is done for 

a) Epispadias

b) Hypospadias

c) Exstrophy of bladder

d) Cryptorchidism

Answer Free for all 

d) Cryptorchidism

 

Cryptorchidism - Fowler stephens surgery means division of short testicular vessels to mobilise the testis

The testicular blood supply is then dependent on collaterals from the vasal artery.

Surgeries for Epispadias are - 

Exstrophy 

1. MSRE- Modern stage repair of Exstrophy includes bladder closure, pelvic osteotomies followed by epispadis repair and uretheroplasty at 12-18 months

 Young-Dees-Leadbetter repair- Bladder neck reconstruction for exstrophy

 Kelly repair (RSTM) Radical soft tissue mobilization

2.  Complete primary repair for classic bladder exstrophy (CPRE) 

 

 

 

Ureteral injuries

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Q) A 24 year old male suffers low velocity gun shot wound in lower abdomen. On exploration there is a 1 cm segment loss of left ureter above the pelvic brim. Best management is :

a) Ureterocystostomy

b) Uretero ureterostomy

c) Ureterostomy

d) Ligation of ureter