MRCS

Ureteral injuries

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Q) A 24 year old male suffers low velocity gun shot wound in lower abdomen. On exploration there is a 1 cm segment loss of left ureter above the pelvic brim. Best management is :

a) Ureterocystostomy

b) Uretero ureterostomy

c) Ureterostomy

d) Ligation of ureter 

Esophagus perforation

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Q) A 45 year old man who has been drinking regularly for the past 15 years vomits after a large meal and complains of severe chest pain. Cardiac cause is ruled out and boerhavve's syndrome is suspected. Which of the following is not true about this condition

a) Gastrograffin tests will confirm the diagnosis

b) Perforation is most common in the left lower end

c) Exploration and full thickness suturing of perforation should be done

d) This condition has a high morbidity and mortality if not diagnosed at time

Answer for premium members  - Discussion on Boerhaave's syndrome

Reno vascular hypertension

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Q) Which of the following is true about reno vascular hypertension

a) Seen in young age group

b) Both kidneys are of same size

c) It is familial

d) Diuretics will control the hypertension

a

Renal artery occlusion creates ischemia of the kidney which releases renin. Hypereninemia leads to secondary hypertension. This further leads to conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and vasocontriction and eventually release of aldosterone.

It is a disease of young adults and children

Size of the kidneys vary and diuretics do not control hypertension because the mechanism is high renin secretion which is unresponsive to diuretics.

 

Peritonitis

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Q) True statement regarding peritonitis is 

a) Raised serum amylase is only seen in pancreatitis

b) Rectal examination is better diagnostic of appendicitis than per abdominal examination

c) Ultrasound has diagnostic accuracy of 90% for diagnosing acute appendictis

d) Catarrhal appendicitis mostly leads to gangrene of appendix and perforation