HPV and cancers

by

Q) All are true about HPV induced cancers except

a) HPV 16 and 18 cause 70% of all cervical cancers

b) HPV 16. 18. 32 and 38 cause 90% of cervical cancers

c) HPV 6 and 11 cause  malignant condyloma acuminata

d) All true

Crohn Disease Pathology

by

Q) Which of the following is not characteristic of Crohn Disease  : * (From AIIMS 2020 November GI)  

a) Granular mucosa
b) Transmural involvement
c) Skip lesions
d) Giant cell granuloma

Ans a ) Granular Mucosa- This is a feature of ulcerative colitis ( Table 49-7 Sabiston 20) 

The typical gross appearance of ulcerative colitis is hyperemic mucosa.

Friable and granular mucosa is common in more severe cases, and ulceration may not be readily evident. ( Saby 1340) 

IN Crohn disease - Microscopically, there are focal areas of chronic inflammation involving all layers of the intestinal wall with lymphoid
aggregates. Non-caseating giant cell granulomas are found in 60% of patients and when present clearly allow a confident diagnosis of CD.

( Bailey 1242) 

 

Carcinoid Syndrome

by

Q) Carcinoid syndrome wrong statement is?
a) 40 % have Right  heart dysfunction in carcinoid syndrome

b) >1cm in appendix is  indication for Right  hemi colectomy
c) 30 %  jejunoileal carcinoid are metastatic
d) Resection of primary is done in presence of metastatic disease

 

Genes and Cancers

by

In This post I will be adding most commonly associated genetic abnormalities and changes

MEN2 syndrome is caused by gain of function mutations in the RET  gene.

Li-Fraumeni syndrome is associated with mutation of P53.

Mutations in p16 is associated with melanomas, pancreas, esophagus, head and neck, stomach, breast, and colon.

BRCA1 is associated with breast and ovarian carcinoma.