INactive hydatid cyst

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Q According to WHO-IWGE ultrasonographic classification for Hydatid cyst, inactive cysts belong to which group
a) Group I
b)  Group 2
c) Group 3
d) Group 4

More question at www.mcqsurgery.com/hydatid

Answer: C

WHO Informal Working Group on Echinococcosis (WHO-IWGE) classification

Group 1: Active group – cysts larger than 2 cm and often fertile.
Group 2: Transition group – cysts starting to degenerate and entering a transitional stage because of host resistance or treatment, but may contain viable protoscolices.
Group 3: Inactive group – degenerated, partially or totally calcified cysts; unlikely to contain viable protoscolices.

Stages of graft uptake

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Q ) First stage of healing in a skin graft is
a. Revascularisation
b. Inosculation
c. Imbibition
d. None of the above

 Ans c

Imbibtion is the 1st stage in 24-48 hrs. It involves fibrin formation between the graft and bed

After 48 hours - Inosculation  by which time new capillary buds develop

3rd stage is revasularization

Ref SCHWARTZ'S PRINCIPLES OF SURGERY 2-volume set 11th edition

 

ELAPE (Extra Levator Abdomino perineal Excision)

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Q) What is not true about  extra levator Abdomino Perineal Resection (APE) (AIIMS 2019) 

a) Anal canal dissected from levator

b) Patient  in prone jack knife position

c) Specimen is resected en block with sacrum

d) Entire levator is resected along with mesorectum