Anti rejection drugs

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Q) Anti Rejection medicine which also prevents tumor recurrence? MCH Questions ...

a) M tor inhibitors

b) IL2 blockers

c) Steroids

d) Azathioprine

Ans a) mtor inhibitors 

One Question is always asked about anti rejection medicines, Salient points i am enumerating

  1. Three drug regimen is classic includes IL2 blocker, Mycophenolate and steroids which are tapered . IL 2 blocker  Tacrolimus is used more than Cyclosporine ( cyclosporine less used now). IL2 blocker side effects are hirsutism, hyperkalemia, gum hypertrophy etc) 
  2. Mycophenolate is preferred over azathioprine . Both cause fall in cell lines
  3. Steroids have many side effects like weight gain, cataract, infections and are used in tapering dose

M-tor inhibitors are sirolimus and Everolimus which are used when transplant is done for HCC, IT has anti tumor action.

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Paget disease of Breast

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Q) True regarding Paget's disease of the breast?
A. Seen in 5-10% Carcinoma  breast
B. 50-60% associated with underlying mass
C. Treated by MRM always

d) Radiotherapy is the treatment of choice

Ans b

50% have underlying mass 

Paget disease accounts for 1% or less of breast malignancies. It is characterized clinically by nipple erythema and irritation with associated pruritus and may progress to crusting and ulceration. ( Sabiston page 860)

Paget disease is a condition of the nipple that is commonly associated with an underlying breast cancer  More than 95% of patients with Paget disease have an underlying breast carcinoma. Paget disease may be accompanied by a palpable mass in slightly more than 50% of Epidermal layer of skin is involved. Clinically, dermatitis occurs that may appear eczematoid and moist or dry and psoriatic.

Treatment of Paget disease

(i) mastectomy with axillary staging 

(ii) wide local excision of the nipple and areola to achieve clear margins, axillary staging, and radiation therapy.