Q) Which of the following is the least common presentation of hepatoblastoma
a) Jaundice
b) Mass in the abdomen
c) FAilure to thrive
d) Anorexia
MCQ on Abdominal compartment Syndrome
Q) Which of the following is true for abdominal compartment syndrome?
a) Normal Intra Abdominal pressure ( IAP) is 5-7 mm Hg
b) Laparotomy is needed if IAP is more than 10 mmHg
c) Vascular compromise occurs is IAP is more than 15 mmHg
d) Increased IAP increases increased systemic vascular resistance ( SVR)
Wilms Etiology
Q) All Syndromes are associated with Wilms tumor except
a) WAGR
b) CHRPE
c) Sotto
d) Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
Cancer Cervix Screeing
Q) All are true for screening of cancer cervix except?
a) Started 3 years after intercourse but not later than 21 yrs
b) 70 year old lady if pap smear is negative, entire surveillance not required
c) After initiation of screening, liquid based test is test
d) Age 21-30 only cytology every 3 years
Response to chemotherapy
Q) A cancer patient with 4cm lung mass in CT scan undergoes neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Following which the mass size has reduced to 3 cm size and scan shows no disease elsewhere . What type of response is this ?
a. Complete response
b. Partial response
c. Stable disease
d. No response
Adenoid Cystic Tumors
Q) All are true for adenoid cystic tumor of the hard palate except:
✅ Answer: C. Lymph node metastasis
🔍 Explanation:
**Adenoid cystic carcinoma** is a rare tumor arising from the minor salivary glands, with the **palate** being the most common site.
- **Perineural invasion** is common and leads to the spread of the tumor along nerves.
- **Lung metastasis** is also frequent, with distant metastasis occurring via the bloodstream, often affecting the lungs and bones.
- The tumor is **uncapsulated** and infiltrative, which often leads to **local recurrence**.
- **Lymph node metastasis** is **uncommon**, with an incidence that is low.
- Direct extension of the tumor to the base of the skull may lead to severe complications and death.
🧠 Key Point: The most important distinguishing feature of adenoid cystic carcinoma is its tendency for **perineural invasion** and **lung metastasis**, but it rarely metastasizes to the lymph nodes.
📘 Reference: [NCBI Article](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3633292/)
🔍 Explanation:
**Adenoid cystic carcinoma** is a rare tumor arising from the minor salivary glands, with the **palate** being the most common site.
- **Perineural invasion** is common and leads to the spread of the tumor along nerves.
- **Lung metastasis** is also frequent, with distant metastasis occurring via the bloodstream, often affecting the lungs and bones.
- The tumor is **uncapsulated** and infiltrative, which often leads to **local recurrence**.
- **Lymph node metastasis** is **uncommon**, with an incidence that is low.
- Direct extension of the tumor to the base of the skull may lead to severe complications and death.
🧠 Key Point: The most important distinguishing feature of adenoid cystic carcinoma is its tendency for **perineural invasion** and **lung metastasis**, but it rarely metastasizes to the lymph nodes.
📘 Reference: [NCBI Article](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3633292/)
Sternal Tumors
Q) Most common tumor of the sternum is ? ( Chest wall and lung onco Questions)
a) Chondrosarcoma
b) Osteosarcoma
c) Multiple Myeloma
d) Ewing
Supra Omohyoid dissection
Q) Supra omohyoid dissection is recommended for ?
a) N+ with IJV involvement
b) N0 disease of hypopharynx
c) No Larynx
d) Melanoma anterior to ear
MCQ on General onco
Q) Which is not a mechanism of cancer cells invasion?
✅ Answer: D. Extracellular matrix dissolution is due to physical factors
🔍 Explanation:
Cancer cells secrete collagenases and proteases that chemically dissolve extracellular boundaries to facilitate invasion.
The three main mechanisms by which cancer cells invade are:
- **Dissolution of Extracellular Matrix**: Cancer cells secrete enzymes like matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that break down the extracellular matrix, allowing for tissue penetration.
- **Acquisition of Mobility**: Cancer cells undergo changes in their adhesion properties and cytoskeleton, which allows them to move through tissues.
- **Rise in Interstitial Pressure**: Although this may affect fluid dynamics, it is a consequence of tumor growth, not a direct invasion mechanism.
🧠 Key Point: The dissolution of the extracellular matrix is a chemical process, not due to physical factors like pressure.
🔍 Explanation:
Cancer cells secrete collagenases and proteases that chemically dissolve extracellular boundaries to facilitate invasion.
The three main mechanisms by which cancer cells invade are:
- **Dissolution of Extracellular Matrix**: Cancer cells secrete enzymes like matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that break down the extracellular matrix, allowing for tissue penetration.
- **Acquisition of Mobility**: Cancer cells undergo changes in their adhesion properties and cytoskeleton, which allows them to move through tissues.
- **Rise in Interstitial Pressure**: Although this may affect fluid dynamics, it is a consequence of tumor growth, not a direct invasion mechanism.
🧠 Key Point: The dissolution of the extracellular matrix is a chemical process, not due to physical factors like pressure.
Epidemiology of Crohn disease
Q) Which of the following is not true for epidemiology of Crohn disease ( CD)
a) a) Age of onset is 2nd and 6th decade
b) Both males and females are equally affected
c) Smoking is protective
d) More in urban dwellers